Multiplexing To Interpret Multiple Objects In Image and AMD Drugs As Possible Candidate To Treat COVID-19

Dr. Jennifer Groh (Duke University - Durham, NC)

Dr. Vaithi Arumugaswami and Gustavo Garcia  (UCLA - Los Angeles, CA)

Dr. Jennifer Groh, professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke University, explains how monkeys use a process called "multiplexing", which describes how visual cortex neurons swaps signals in and out between reporting on multiple objects in the same image. 

Gustavo Garcia, former UCLA staff research associate in molecular and medical pharmacology and Dr. Vaithi Arumugaswami, associate professor of molecular and medical pharmacology at UCLA, explain how a macular degeneration drug, verteporfin, could be a possible candidate to treat COVID-19.

12/19/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Recognizing Words and Faces After Hemispherectomies and Significance of Adamts10 Gene In Glaucoma Formation

Dr. Michael Granovetter (University of Pittsburgh - Pittsburgh, PA)

Dr. John Kuchtey (Vanderbilt Eye Institute - Nashville, TN)

Dr. Michael Granovetter, a student in the University of Pittsburgh medical scientist training program explains how well children, who have undergone operations to remove one-half of their brains, are still able to recognize words and faces.

Dr. John Kuchtey, an associate professor of ophthalmology at Nashville's Vanderbilt Eye Institute, explains how a gene, Adamts10 plays an important role in retinal ganglion cell development mediated by TGF-beta signaling and whether glaucoma develops or not.

11/21/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Economic Burden of Vision Loss and Making Chemistry More Accessible To Those Who Are Blind and Visually Impaired

Dr. David Rein (National Opinion Research Center - Chicago, IL)

Dr. Bryan Shaw (Baylor University - Waco, TX)

Dr. David Rein, director of the Public Health Analytics Program, at the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) in Chicago, goes over a study showing the economic burden of vision loss in the United States broken down by age, sex, and state in total loss and per person with vision loss and the sources of the economic burden.

Dr. Bryan Shaw, professor of chemistry and biochemistry at Baylor University, discusses a program that makes chemistry more accessible to those with blindness and low vision with the use of tactile graphics, esters, and a robot.

11/6/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Outlook For Guide Dog Use and Enzyme For Possible Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy

Dr. Arielle Silverman (American Foundation for the Blind)

Drs. Ruth and William Caldwell (Medical College of Georgia - Augusta, GA)

Dr. Arielle Silverman, American Foundation for the Blind director of research, goes over a study showing the outlook for guide dog use in a world with wayfinding apps and ridesharing services.

Dr. Ruth Caldwell, professor of cellular biology and anatomy, and Dr. William Caldwell, professor and chair emeritus in pharmacology and toxicology at Medical College of Georgia in Augusta explain how an enzyme, arginase 1 (A1), could possibly be used to treat diabetic retinopathy.

10/30/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Using Gene Therapy To Treat A Type Of Leber Congenital Amaurosis On October 9 Show

Dr. Anand Swaroop (National Eye Institute - Bethesda, MD)

Dr.  Anand Swaroop, Senior Investigator and Chief of the Neurobiology Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory at the National Eye Institute, in Bethesda, Maryland, explains how a gene therapy has been developed that rescues cilia defects in retinal cells affected by a type of Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA).

10/9/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Using Patient's Own Reprogrammed Stem Cells To Treat Dry AMD and How Blind and Visually Impaired Deal With Social Interactions

Dr. Kapil Bharti (National Eye Institute - Bethesda, MD)

Melissa Taussig (Adjustment Counselor for Blindness Community)

Dr. Kapil Bharti, Senior Investigator of the Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Research Section of the National Eye Institute, discusses how a patient's own reprogrammed stem cells can be implanted back into the individual's own eyes to treat the dry form of age-related macular degeneration.

Dr. Lynsey Romo, an associate professor of communication at North Carolina State University, in Raleigh, and Melissa Taussig, an adjustment counselor for the blindness community, explain how those who are blind and visually impaired deal with social interactions.

10/2/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Children's Eye Health and 4to24 App for Blind Youth On September 4 Show

Dr. Michael Maldonado (Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center - El Paso, TX)

Dr. Karla Antonelli (NRTC at Mississippi State University - Starkville, MS)

Dr. Michael Maldonado, Therapeutic Optometrist and Clinical Director of the Ocular Sciences Division, at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, in El Paso, goes over ways to keep children's eyes healthy.

Dr. Karla Antonelli, Research Scientist I, at the National Research and Training Center on Blindness and Low Vision (NRTC) at Mississippi State University, explains the 4to24 mobile app, which helps youth who are blind and have low vision and their parents prepare for employment and independent living.

9/4/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Alt Text From Webb Telescope and Metformin Clinical Trial For Stargardt Disease On August 21 Show

Tim Rhue (Space Telescope Institute - Baltimore, MD)

Dr. Brian Brooks (National Eye Institute - Bethesda, MD)

Tim Rhue, principal informal education specialist, and Margaret Carruthers, writing and design deputy, of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, explain the process by which the alt text descriptions explaining the images from the James Webb Space Telescope were written.

Then, Dr. Brian Brooks, branch chief of Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function branch of the National Eye Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, goes over a clinical trial, involving a drug, metformin, which potentially could slow the progression of photoreceptor death in Stargardt Disease.

August 21 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Loss Of "Youth" Protein Drives Aging of Eyes In Mice And OcuMet Beacon Used To Detect Fluorescence To Diagnose Glaucoma Early On August 7 Show

Dr. Patricia Becerra (National Eye Institute - Bethesda, MD)

Dr. Richard Rosen (Mount Sinai Health System - New York, NY)

Dr.  Patricia Becerra, chief of the National Eye Institute Section on Protein Structure and Function, discusses how loss of the "youth" protein, pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), drives aging of the eye in mice.

Then, Dr. Richard Rosen, Pierce Distinguished Professor of Ophthalmology and Retinal Service Chief of the Mount Sinai Health System in New York, explains how the OcuMet Beacon camera with special filters that specifically isolate fluorescence detect flavoprotein fluorescence (FPF), which is an indicator of mitochondrial oxidative stress and early sign of glaucoma.

8/7/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Parents' Understanding of Activities Affecting Children's Vision and Black Patients' Increased Risk of Advanced Vision Loss From Glaucoma On July 31 Show

Dr. Olivia Killeen (University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center - Ann Arbor, MI)

Dr. Louis Pasquale (Mount Sinai Hospital - New York, NY)

Dr. Olivia Killeen, clinical lecturer in ophthalmology and visual sciences and fellow in the National Clinical Scholars Program at the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center, goes over the results of a study showing how well parents understand how activities such as screen time, wearing protective eyewear, and getting regular eye exams affect their children's vision.

Then, Dr. Louis Pasquale, professor of ophthalmology at the Icahn School of Medicine and Site Chair at the Department of Ophthalmology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, discusses a study showing that black patients are six times as likely to develop advanced vision loss in new onset glaucoma cases as white patients.

 7/31/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Levels Of Certain Protein As Indicator Of Frequency Of Necessary Treatments In Wet AMD And Relationship Between Circadian Rhythms And Photoreceptor Health in Fruit Flies

Dr. Akrit Sodhi (Johns Hopkins School of Medicine - Baltimore, MD)

Dr. Pankaj Kapahi (Buck Institute - Novato, CA)

Dr. Akrit Sodhi, associate professor of ophthalmology, Branna and Irving Sisenwein Professorship In Ophthalmology, at Johns Hopkins University School Of Medicine, explains how levels of a certain protein, angiopoietin-like 4, in patients, can predict if the length of the interval between necessary injections can be extended for those with the wet form of age-related macular degeneration.

Then, Dr. Pankaj Kapahi of the Buck Institute of Novato, California and Founder of Juvify, discusses the relationship between circadian rhythms, photoreceptor health, and lifespans of fruit flies.

7/10/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments of Cataracts and Reference Map Of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Showing Different Subpopulations

Dr. Bruce Rosenthal (Lighthouse Guild - New York, NY)

Dr. Kapil Bharti (National Eye Institute - Bethesda, MD)

Dr. Bruce Rosenthal, Chief of Low Vision Services at Lighthouse Guild, in New York, explains the causes, symptoms, and treatments of cataracts.

Dr. Kapil Bharti, Senior Investigator, in the Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Research Section, at the National Eye Institute, in Bethesda, Maryland, explains how artificial intelligence was used to create a "reference map" of the retinal pigment epithelium based on morphometry showing different subpopulations of RPE cells being vulnerable to different types of retinal diseases.

6/26/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Reviving Photoreceptors From Organ Donor Eyes and APH's ConnectCenter Transition Hub On Father's Day Show

Dr. Frans Vinberg (University of Utah - Salt Lake City, UT)

American Printing House for the Blind (Louisville, KY)

Dr. Frans Vinberg, assistant professor of ophthalmology and visual sciences, at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, explains the process by which  photoreceptors can be revived from organ donor eyes and communicate with other cells in the retina.

Richard Rueda, digital content manager, with American Printing House for the Blind in Louisville, discusses ConnectCenter Transition Hub, which provides online resources for young adults looking for self-sufficiency in the transition to adulthood.

6/19/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Molecular and Cellular Changes That Precede Rod Photoreceptor Death By Many Days On May 22 Show

Dr. Anand Swaroop (National Eye Institute - Bethesda, MD)

Dr. Anand Swaroop, senior investigator and branch chief at the National Eye Institute, in Bethesda, Maryland, explains how molecular and cellular changes indicating gene abnormalities can be detected in mice many days before the death of rod photoreceptors.

5/22/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Mississippi State University's Dr. Mike Pratte Discusses Ways The Brain Processes Visual Information Streamed Through The Eyes On May 15 Show

 

Dr. Mike Pratte (Mississippi State University - Starkville, MS)

Dr. Mike Pratte, an associate professor of psychology at Mississippi State University, in Starkville, discusses how technological advances, such as encephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), are used to discover ways the brain processes visual information that is streamed through the eyes.

5/15/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Retinal Stem Cell Patch Lasting More Than Two Years And Sigma 1 Receptor As Protector Of Retinal Ganglion Cells On April 24 Show

 

Dr. Dennis Clegg (University of California - Santa Barbara, CA)

Dr. Kathryn Bollinger (Medical College Of Georgia - Augusta, GA)

Dr. Dennis Clegg, co-director of the University of California-Santa Barbara Center for Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, discusses how a stem cell derived retinal implant has survived for longer than two years with no immune rejection.

Then, Dr. Kathryn Bollinger, associate professor of ophthalmology, cellular biology, and anatomy at Augusta's Medical College of Georgia, explains how a protein, sigma 1 receptors, can protect retinal ganglion cells, which are damaged in glaucoma.

4/24/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Goji Berries As AMD Protection and Circadian Rhythms' Impact On Fruit Flies' Eyes On April 10 Show

Dr. Glenn Yiu (University of California - Davis)

Dr. Vikki Weake (Purdue University - West Lafayette, IN)

Dr. Glenn Yiu, an associate professor of ophthalmology, at University of California-Davis Health, explains how consuming dried goji berries could provide protection against age-related macular degeneration. 

Then, Dr. Vikki Weake, an associate professor of biochemistry, at Purdue University, explains how circadian rhythms in fruit flies have a large impact on retinal health.

April 10 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Inaccessiblity of At-Home COVID-19 Tests and Mitochondria as Microlenses In Photoreceptors On March 20 Show

Chris Danielsen (National Federation of the Blind - Baltimore, MD)

Dr. Wei Li (National Eye Institute - Bethesda, MD)

Chris Danielsen, director of public relations for the National Federation of the Blind, in Baltimore, discusses the inaccessibility of at-home COVID-19 tests and NFB's web page for COVID home test information.

Dr. Wei Li, senior investigator of the Retinal Neurophysiology Section at the National Eye Institute, in Bethesda, Maryland, explains how mitochondria in photoreceptors act as microlenses, concentrating light onto the photoreceptors' outer segments.

3/21/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Pediatric Cataracts and Their Dangers Discussed By Dr. Jolene Rudell On March 6 Show

Dr. Jolene Rudell (University of California - San Diego Shiley Eye Institute)

Dr. Jolene Rudell, assistant professor of pediatric ophthalmology at University of California - San Diego Shiley Eye Institute discusses pediatric cataracts, the differences between them and adult cataracts, and how serious they can be.

3/6/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)

Retinal Implant Providing Integrated Vision and Information About Conjunctivitis and Dry Eye

Dr. Daniel Palanker (Stanford University - Palo Alto, CA)

Dr. Anat Galor (University of Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Institute - Miami, FL)

Dr. Daniel Palanker, professor of ophthalmology and electrical engineering at Stanford University, explains how a retinal implant using photovoltaic pixels in conjunction with augmented reality glasses can allow patients to integrate prosthetic central visual perception with remaining natural peripheral vision.

Then, Dr. Anat Galor, professor of ophthalmology at the University of Miami Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, discusses the causes and treatments of both conjunctivitis and dry eye, and a nasal spray that treats dry eye.

2/27/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below) 

Modular Superenhancer's Role In Retinal Development and Efficacy of Pausing Anti-VEGF Treatments In Treating Wet AMD

Dr. Jackie Norrie and Victoria Honnell (St. Jude Children's Research Hospital - Memphis, TN)

Dr. Akrit Sodhi (Johns Hopkins University Wilmer Eye Institute - Baltimore, MD)

Victoria Honnell, a student in St. Jude graduate school of Biomedical Sciences and Dr. Jackie Norrie, a postdoctoral associate at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis discuss the role of a modular superenhancer, Vsx2, in retinal development.

Then, Dr. Akrit Sodhi, an associate professor of ophthalmology, at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Wilmer Eye Institute in Baltimore, goes over the efficacy of pausing anti-VEGF treatments in certain macular degeneration treatments.

2/6/2022 Podcast (Click Image Below)